<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-0 vector-toc-not-available vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-0 skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled" lang="de" dir="ltr"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Liguster</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="./_res_/favicon.png">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liguster"> <link href="./_mw_/ext.cite.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.wikimediamessages.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.icons.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.search.codex.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.citeRef.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.defaultPlainlinks.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiCommonHide.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiCommonLayout.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiCommonStyle.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiDarkmode.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.dewikiResponsive.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.gadget.specialSearch.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_mw_/site.styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_mw_/noscript.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_res_/footer.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_res_/vector-2022.css">
</head>
<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Liguster rootpage-Liguster skin-vector-2022 action-view">
<div class="mw-page-container">
<div class="mw-page-container-inner">
<div class="mw-content-container">
<main id="content" class="mw-body">
<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar">
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Liguster</span></h1>
</header>
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-targetContainer" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container="">
<div id="contentSub">
<div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div>
</div>
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r183054365">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
.mw-parser-output .Person{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox{background:white;border:1px solid #72777d;border-collapse:collapse;clear:right;float:right;margin:1em 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>th{background:#9bcd9b;border:1px solid #72777d;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox.palaeobox>*>*>th{background:#e7dcc3}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox.parabox>*>*>th{background:#b9b9b9}.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.Person,.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.taxo-name,.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.taxo-bild,.mw-parser-output table.taxobox>*>*>td.taxo-zeit{text-align:center}
/* end https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
</style>
<table cellpadding="2" class="float-right taxobox infobox" id="Vorlage_Taxobox" style="width:300px;margin-top:0.5em;" summary="Taxobox">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Liguster
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="taxo-bild" style="font-size:smaller;">
<p><a href="Gew%C3%B6hnlicher_Liguster" title="Gewöhnlicher Liguster">Gewöhnlicher Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum vulgare</i>)
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th><a href="Systematik_(Biologie)" title="Systematik (Biologie)">Systematik</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>
<table class="toptextcells" style="width:100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Kerneudikotyledonen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerneudikotyledonen">Kerneudikotyledonen</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Asteriden" title="Asteriden">Asteriden</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td><a href="Euasteriden_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Euasteriden I">Euasteriden I</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><i><a href="Ordnung_(Biologie)" title="Ordnung (Biologie)">Ordnung</a>:</i>
</td>
<td><a href="Lippenbl%C3%BCtlerartige" title="Lippenblütlerartige">Lippenblütlerartige</a> (Lamiales)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><i><a href="Familie_(Biologie)" title="Familie (Biologie)">Familie</a>:</i>
</td>
<td><a href="%C3%96lbaumgew%C3%A4chse" title="Ölbaumgewächse">Ölbaumgewächse</a> (Oleaceae)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><i><a href="Gattung_(Biologie)" title="Gattung (Biologie)">Gattung</a>:</i>
</td>
<td>Liguster
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th><a href="Nomenklatur_(Biologie)" title="Nomenklatur (Biologie)">Wissenschaftlicher Name</a>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td class="taxo-name"><i>Ligustrum</i>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="Person"><a href="Carl_von_Linn%C3%A9" title="Carl von Linné">L.</a>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>Die <b>Liguster</b> (<i>Ligustrum</i>), oder selten <b>Rainweiden</b> genannt, sind eine <a href="Gattung_(Biologie)" title="Gattung (Biologie)">Pflanzengattung</a> innerhalb der <a href="Familie_(Biologie)" title="Familie (Biologie)">Familie</a> der <a href="%C3%96lbaumgew%C3%A4chse" title="Ölbaumgewächse">Ölbaumgewächse</a> (Oleaceae).<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In deutschsprachigen Texten ist mit „Liguster“ meist der <a href="Gew%C3%B6hnlicher_Liguster" title="Gewöhnlicher Liguster">Gewöhnliche Liguster</a> gemeint.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beschreibung">Beschreibung</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vegetative_Merkmale">Vegetative Merkmale</h3></div>
<p><i>Ligustrum</i>-Arten wachsen als laubabwerfende oder immergrüne <a href="Strauch" title="Strauch">Sträucher</a> oder kleine <a href="Baum" title="Baum">Bäume</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die <a href="Rinde" title="Rinde">Rinde</a> ist behaart oder kahl.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Die gegenständig angeordneten <a href="Blatt_(Pflanze)" title="Blatt (Pflanze)">Laubblätter</a> sind in kurzen Blattstiel und -spreite gegliedert. Die einfache, ganzrandige<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Blattspreite ist elliptisch oder mehr oder weniger eiförmig, selten linealisch.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es sind keine <a href="Nebenblatt" title="Nebenblatt">Nebenblätter</a> vorhanden.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Generative_Merkmale">Generative Merkmale</h3></div>
<p>Die Blüten stehen in end- oder selten achselständigen, oft <a href="Rispe" title="Rispe">rispigen</a>, <a href="Zyme" class="mw-redirect" title="Zyme">zymösen</a> <a href="Bl%C3%BCtenstand" title="Blütenstand">Blütenständen</a> zusammen.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Blütenstiele kurz oder kaum erkennbar.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Die Blüten duften oft. Die zwittrigen <a href="Bl%C3%BCte" title="Blüte">Blüten</a> sind vierzählig mit doppelter <a href="Bl%C3%BCtenh%C3%BClle" title="Blütenhülle">Blütenhülle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die vier haltbaren <a href="Kelchblatt" title="Kelchblatt">Kelchblätter</a> sind glockenförmig verwachsen.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der Kelch endet gestutzt oder es sind höchstens kurze vier Kelchzipfel erkennbar.<sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die vier kahlen, meist weißen oder manchmal cremefarbenen <a href="Kronblatt" title="Kronblatt">Kronblätter</a> sind auf mindestens der Hälfte ihrer Länge röhrig bis trichterförmig verwachsen.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die vier Kronlappen sind oval bis lanzettlich.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es ist nur der innere Kreis mit nur zwei <a href="Staubblatt" title="Staubblatt">Staubblättern</a> vorhanden, sie können aus der Kronröhre herausragen und sind in ihr inseriert.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Staubfäden sind dünn.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die dorsifixen, länglichen oder elliptisch-länglichen Staubbeutel<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sind gelb oder manchmal purpurfarben.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zwei <a href="Fruchtblatt" title="Fruchtblatt">Fruchtblätter</a> sind zu einem oberständigen, zweikammerigen, kugeligen <a href="Fruchtknoten" title="Fruchtknoten">Fruchtknoten</a> verwachsen.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In jeder Fruchtknotenkammer sind zwei hängende, anatrope <a href="Samenanlage" title="Samenanlage">Samenanlagen</a> vorhanden.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Am Fruchtknoten wird <a href="Nektar_(Botanik)" title="Nektar (Botanik)">Nektar</a> abgeschieden.<sup id="cite_ref-Knuth1909_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knuth1909-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der Griffel ist bei einer Länge von 1 bis 2 Millimetern kürzer als die Staubblätter und endet in einer kurz zweigabeligen Narbe.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Die fleischigen, bei Reife dunkel-purpurfarbenen bis schwarzen <a href="Beere" title="Beere">Beeren</a> oder <a href="Steinfrucht" title="Steinfrucht">Steinfrüchte</a> sind bei einer Länge von bis zu 1 Zentimeter ellipsoid bis fast kugelig.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Früchte bleiben bei Reife geschlossen oder öffnen sich und enthalten nur ein bis drei, selten vier ungeflügelte Samen.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Das <a href="Endosperm" title="Endosperm">Endosperm</a> ist hart.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Systematik_und_Verbreitung">Systematik und Verbreitung</h2></div>
<p>Die Gattung <i>Ligustrum</i> wurde 1753 durch <a href="Carl_von_Linn%C3%A9" title="Carl von Linné">Carl von Linné</a> in <i><a href="Species_Plantarum" title="Species Plantarum">Species Plantarum</a></i>, Tomus I, S. 7 aufgestellt. Die Typusart ist <i><a href="Gew%C3%B6hnlicher_Liguster" title="Gewöhnlicher Liguster">Ligustrum vulgare</a></i> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261921330">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
.mw-parser-output .Person{font-variant:small-caps}
/* end https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><span class="Person h-card">L.</span><sup id="cite_ref-Tropicos_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tropicos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Synonym_(Taxonomie)" title="Synonym (Taxonomie)">Synonyme</a> für <i>Ligustrum</i> <span class="Person h-card">L.</span> sind: <i>Esquirolia</i> <span class="Person h-card">H.Lév.</span>, <i>Faulia</i> <span class="Person h-card">Raf.</span>, <i>Ligustridium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Spach</span>, <i>Parasyringa</i> <span class="Person h-card">W.W.Sm.</span>, <i>Phlyarodoxa</i> <span class="Person h-card">S.Moore</span>, <i>Visiania</i> <span class="Person h-card">DC.</span><sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Die Gattung <i>Ligustrum</i> gehört zur Subtribus Ligustrinae aus der Tribus Oleeae innerhalb der <a href="Familie_(Biologie)" title="Familie (Biologie)">Familie</a> der <a href="%C3%96lbaumgew%C3%A4chse" title="Ölbaumgewächse">Oleaceae</a>.
</p><p>Die <i>Ligustrum</i>-Arten haben Areale in der <a href="Alte_Welt" title="Alte Welt">Alten Welt</a>. Die meisten Arten kommen im östlichen <a href="Asien" title="Asien">Asien</a>, wenige in <a href="Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>, <a href="Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> und <a href="Australasien" title="Australasien">Australasien</a> vor. In Europa ist nur der <a href="Gew%C3%B6hnlicher_Liguster" title="Gewöhnlicher Liguster">Gewöhnliche Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum vulgare</i>) heimisch.
</p>
<p>Es gibt etwa 40 bis 50 <i>Ligustrum</i>-Arten<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>:
</p>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum angustum</i> <span class="Person h-card">B.M.Miao</span>: Sie gedeiht an schattigen Standorten in Schluchten in Höhenlagen von etwa 200 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen <a href="Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a> sowie <a href="Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum australianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">F.Muell.</span>: Sie kommt nur im nördlichen und östlichen <a href="Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum compactum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Wall. ex G.Don) Hook. f. & Thomson ex Brandis</span>: Es gibt etwa zwei Varietäten:<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum compactum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Wall. ex G.Don) Hook. f. & Thomson ex Brandis</span> var. <i>compactum</i>: Sie kommt in <a href="Indien" title="Indien">Indien</a>, <a href="Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> und in den chinesischen Provinzen Hubei, <a href="Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> sowie <a href="Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum compactum</i> var. <i>velutinum</i> <span class="Person h-card">P.S.Green</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum yunnanense</i> <span class="Person h-card">L.Henry</span>): Sie gedeiht Tälern in Tibet und in den chinesischen Provinzen Hubei, Sichuan sowie Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum confusum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>: Es gibt etwa zwei Varietäten:<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum confusum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span> var. <i>confusum</i>: Sie kommt in Indien, Nepal, Tibet und Yunnan vor.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum confusum</i> var. <i>macrocarpum</i> <span class="Person h-card">C.B.Clarke</span>: Sie kommt in Indien und Tibet vor.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum cumingianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>: Sie kommt auf den Philippinen vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Delavays_Liguster" title="Delavays Liguster">Delavays Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum delavayanum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Har.</span>, Syn.: <i>Ligustrum delavayanum</i> var. <i>ionandrum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Diels) H.Lév.</span>, <i>Ligustrum ionandrum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Diels</span>, <i>Ligustrum prattii</i> <span class="Person h-card">Koehne</span>): Sie gedeiht im Dickicht oder in Wäldern an Hängen in Höhenlagen von 500 bis 3700 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Guizhou, westliches Hubei, Sichuan sowie Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum expansum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Rehder</span>: Dieser Endemit gedeiht entlang von Fließgewässern in Höhenlagen von etwa 1300 Metern nur im westlichen Hubei.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum fengjieense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Xian Y.Li & Si Y.Zeng</span>: Sie wurde 2021 aus <a href="Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> erstbeschrieben.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum foliosum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>: Sie kommt nur in <a href="S%C3%BCdkorea" title="Südkorea">Südkorea</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum gamblei</i> <span class="Person h-card">Ramamoorthy</span>: Sie kommt im südlichen Indien vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum glomeratum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>: Sie ist vom südlichen <a href="Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, über die Andamanen und <a href="Malesien" title="Malesien">Malesien</a> bis Neuguinea verbreitet.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum gracile</i> <span class="Person h-card">Rehder</span>: Sie gedeiht in Höhenlagen von 800 bis 3800 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Sichuan sowie Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum guangdongense</i> <span class="Person h-card">R.J.Wang & H.Z.Wen</span>: Sie wurde 2012 aus <a href="Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> erstbeschrieben. Sie wurde bisher nur in <a href="Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, auf der Dapeng-Halbinsel gefunden.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum henryi</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hemsl.</span>: Sie gedeiht in Wäldern in Schluchten in Höhenlagen unterhalb von 1800 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen <a href="Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a>, <a href="Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a>, Guizhou, Hubei, westliches <a href="Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a>, <a href="Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a>, Sichuan sowie Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Bewimperter_Liguster" title="Bewimperter Liguster">Bewimperter Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum ibota</i> <span class="Person h-card">Sieb.</span>): Sie kommt vom zentralen bis südlichen <a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> und in Korea vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Japanischer_Liguster" title="Japanischer Liguster">Japanischer Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Thunb.</span>, Syn.: <i>Ligustrum amamianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Koidz.</span>, <i>Ligustrum amamianum</i> var. <i>rotundifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Blume) B.M.Miao</span>, <i>Ligustrum coriaceum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Jacob-Makoy</span>, <i>Ligustrum glabrum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum kellerianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Vis.</span>, <i>Ligustrum latifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Vitman</span> nom. illeg., <i>Ligustrum latifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Thunb.</span>, <i>Ligustrum lucidum</i> var. <i>coriaceum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Jacob-Makoy) Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum macrophyllum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum macrophyllum</i> var. <i>marginatum-aureum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Pynaert</span>, <i>Ligustrum ovatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Dippel</span>, <i>Ligustrum rotundifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Blume) Carrière</span>, <i>Ligustrum rotundifolium</i> var. <i>pubescens</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Koidz.) Hatus.</span>, <i>Ligustrum sieboldii</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum syringiflorum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum syringifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum taquetii</i> <span class="Person h-card">H.Lév.</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>aureovariegatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Veitch ex J.Dix</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>coriaceum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Jacob-Makoy) Blume ex H.Lév.</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>crassifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hisauti</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>leucocarpum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Honda</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>lineare</i> <span class="Person h-card">Jacob-Makoy</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>ovalifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>pubescens</i> <span class="Person h-card">Koidz.</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>rotundifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>spathulatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Mansf.</span>, <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>syaryotense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Masam. & T.Mori</span>): Sie ist vom südöstlichen China bis gemäßigten <a href="Ostasien" title="Ostasien">Ostasien</a> verbreitet.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum leucanthum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(S.Moore) P.S.Green</span><sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum acutissimum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Koehne</span>, <i>Ligustrum acutissimum</i> var. <i>glabrum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Z.Ying Zhang</span>, <i>Ligustrum henryi</i> var. <i>longitubum</i> <span class="Person h-card">P.S.Hsu</span>, <i>Ligustrum longitubum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(P.S.Hsu) P.S.Hsu</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Ligustrum molliculum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hance</span>, <i>Ligustrum subsessile</i> <span class="Person h-card">S.Y.Hu</span>): Sie kommt vom zentralen bis südlichen China und in Südkorea vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum lianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">P.S.Hsu</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum longipedicellatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">H.T.Chang</span>): Sie gedeiht in Wäldern in Schluchten in Höhenlagen von 400 bis 1700 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi sowie Zhejiang.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ein Synonym ist seit 2009 <i>Ligustrum yunguiense</i> <span class="Person h-card">B.M.Miao</span>:<sup id="cite_ref-Qin2009_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qin2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sie gedeiht in Wäldern und im Dickicht in Tälern in Höhenlagen von 1500 bis 2100 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Guizhou sowie Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum lindleyi</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Wall. ex G.Don) P.S.Green</span>: Sie kommt von <a href="Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> bis <a href="Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum liukiuense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Koidz.</span>: Dieser Endemit kommt nur auf den japanischen <a href="Ry%C5%ABky%C5%AB-Inseln" title="Ryūkyū-Inseln">Ryūkyū-Inseln</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Gl%C3%A4nzender_Liguster" title="Glänzender Liguster">Glänzender Liguster</a> oder Glanz-Liguster (<i>Ligustrum lucidum</i> <span class="Person h-card"><a href="William_Townsend_Aiton" title="William Townsend Aiton">W.T.Aiton</a></span>, Syn.: <i>Ligustrum roxburghii</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>): Er gedeiht in Wäldern unterhalb von 2900 Metern in Tibet und weiten Teilen Chinas,<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und kommt in Japan sowie auf der koreanischen Insel <a href="Jejudo" title="Jejudo">Jejudo</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-Jang2020_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jang2020-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Als Neophyt kommt er in Europa, Afrika, Japan, Australien und der Neuen Welt vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum micranthum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Zucc.</span>: Sie kommt nur von den <a href="Ogasawara-Inseln" title="Ogasawara-Inseln">Ogasawara-Inseln</a> bis zur Inselgruppe <a href="Kazan-rett%C5%8D" title="Kazan-rettō">Kazan-rettō</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum morrisonense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Kaneh. & Sasaki</span>: Sie gedeiht an steinigen Bergrücken in Höhenlagen von 1000 bis 1800 Metern in <a href="Republik_China_(Taiwan)" title="Republik China (Taiwan)">Taiwan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum myrsinites</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>: Sie kommt in <a href="Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum nepalense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Wall.</span>: Es gibt seit 2009 zwei Unterarten:<sup id="cite_ref-Qin2009_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qin2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum nepalense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Wall.</span> subsp. <i>nepalense</i>:<sup id="cite_ref-Qin2009_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qin2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sie kommt in Indien, Nepal und Myanmar vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum nepalense</i> subsp. <i>xingrenense</i> <span class="Person h-card">(D.J.Liu) X.K.Qin</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum xingrenense</i> <span class="Person h-card">D.J.Liu</span>): Den Rang einer Unterart hat sie seit 2009. Sie gedeiht im Dickicht, in Wäldern und in schattigen und feuchten Standorten in Höhenlagen von 400 bis 1600 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen westliches Guizhou sowie östliches Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Qin2009_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qin2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum novoguineense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Lingelsh.</span>: Sie kommt in Neuguinea vor.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum obovatilimbum</i> <span class="Person h-card">B.M.Miao</span>: Dieser Endemit gedeiht an offenen Standorten in Höhenlagen von etwa 200 Metern nur in Luofu Shan in Guangdong.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Stumpfbl%C3%A4ttriger_Liguster" title="Stumpfblättriger Liguster">Stumpfblättriger Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Sieb. & Zucc.</span>): Es gibt je nach Autor etwa zwei Unterarten:<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> subsp. <i>microphyllum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Nakai) P.S.Green</span>: Sie kommt in den chinesischen Provinzen Jiangsu (nur in <a href="Yuntai" class="mw-disambig" title="Yuntai">Yuntai</a> Shan) sowie Zhejiang (nur in <a href="Putuo" class="mw-disambig" title="Putuo">Putuo</a> Shan, <a href="Daishan" title="Daishan">Daishan</a> Xian) und im koreanischen <a href="Jeju-do" title="Jeju-do">Jeju-do</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Sieb. & Zucc.</span> subsp. <i>obtusifolium</i> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum amurense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Carrière</span>, <i>Ligustrum ciliatum</i> var. <i>spathulatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>amurense</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Carrière) Mansf.</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>angustifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>diabolicum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Koidz.</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>obovatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>regelianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Koehne) Siebold ex Beissn., Schelle & Zabel</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>suave</i> <span class="Person h-card">Kitag.</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>tschonoskii</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>, <i>Ligustrum ibota</i> var. <i>velutinum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>, <i>Ligustrum regelianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Koehne</span>, <i>Ligustrum suave</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Kitag.) Kitag.</span>, <i>Ligustrum tschonoskii</i> var. <i>leiocalyx</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>, <i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> var. <i>leiocalyx</i> (<span class="Person h-card">Nakai) H.Hara</span>, <i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> var. <i>regelianum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Koehne) Rehder</span>, <i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> var. <i>rubescens</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>, <i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> subsp. <i>suave</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Kitag.) Kitag.</span>, <i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> var. <i>velutinum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Blume) H.Hara</span>): Sie kommt vom östlichen China bis Korea und in Japan vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Ovalbl%C3%A4ttriger_Liguster" title="Ovalblättriger Liguster">Ovalblättriger Liguster</a>, auch Breitblättriger Liguster genannt (<i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hassk.</span>): Es gibt je nach Autor etwa drei Varietäten:<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> var. <i>hisauchii</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Makino) Noshiro</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum hisauchii</i> Makino): Dieser Endemit kommt nur im japanischen <a href="Honshu" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hassk.</span> var. <i>ovalifolium</i> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum californicum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum ciliatum</i> var. <i>heterophyllum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>, <i>Ligustrum glaucum-marginatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Van Geert</span>, <i>Ligustrum medium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Franch. & Sav.</span>, <i>Ligustrum tsusimense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>, <i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> var. <i>argenteum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Bean</span>, <i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> var. <i>aureomarginatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Rehder</span>, <i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> var. <i>aureum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Carrière</span>, <i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> var. <i>floribundum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hoefker</span>, <i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> var. <i>heterophyllum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Blume) Nakai</span>): Sie kommt in Südkorea und Japan vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i> var. <i>pacificum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Nakai) Mizush.</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum pacificum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>): Dieser Endemit kommt nur im japanischen <a href="Izu-shoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Izu-shoto">Izu-shoto</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum parvifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Kiew</span>: Sie wurde 2020 aus <a href="Papua-Neuguinea" title="Papua-Neuguinea">Papua-Neuguinea</a> erstbeschrieben. Sie ist bisher nur von zwei Fundorten bekannt.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum pricei</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hayata</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum japonicum</i> var. <i>pricei</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Hayata) T.S.Liu & J.C.Liao</span>, <i>Ligustrum formosanum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Rehder</span>, <i>Ligustrum pedunculare</i> <span class="Person h-card">Rehder</span>, <i>Ligustrum seisuiense</i> <span class="Person h-card">T.Shimizu & M.T.Kao</span>):<sup id="cite_ref-Qin2009_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qin2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sie gedeiht in Wäldern und an Ufern von Fließgewässern in Höhenlagen von 900 bis 1700 Metern in <a href="Republik_China_(Taiwan)" title="Republik China (Taiwan)">Taiwan</a> und kommt in Höhenlagen von 300 bis 2600 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Guizhou, westliches Hubei, Hunan, <a href="Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> sowie Sichuan vor.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum punctifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">M.C.Chang</span>: Sie kommt von <a href="Hongkong" title="Hongkong">Hongkong</a> bis Vietnam vor.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i><a href="Ligustrum_quihoui" title="Ligustrum quihoui">Ligustrum quihoui</a></i> <span class="Person h-card">Carrière</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum argyi</i> <span class="Person h-card">H.Lév.</span>, <i>Ligustrum brachystachyum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum quihoui</i> var. <i>brachystachyum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Decne.) Hand.-Mazz.</span>, <i>Ligustrum quihoui</i> var. <i>trichopodum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Y.C.Yang</span>, <i>Ligustrum quihoui</i> var. <i>latifolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>): Sie gedeiht in Höhenlagen von 100 bis 2500 Metern im <a href="Chayu" class="mw-redirect" title="Chayu">Chayu</a> Xian in Tibet und in den chinesischen Provinzen <a href="Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>, nordwestliches Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, <a href="Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a>, <a href="Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a>, südliches <a href="Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a>, <a href="Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a>, Sichuan, Yunnan sowie <a href="Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a><sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und kommt in den koreanischen Provinzen in <a href="Gyeonggi-do" title="Gyeonggi-do">Gyeonggi-do</a>, <a href="Gangwon-do" title="Gangwon-do">Gangwon-do</a>, <a href="Jeollabuk-do" title="Jeollabuk-do">Jeollabuk-do</a>, <a href="Jeollanam-do" title="Jeollanam-do">Jeollanam-do</a> sowie <a href="Gyeongsangnam-do" title="Gyeongsangnam-do">Gyeongsangnam-do</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-Jang2020_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jang2020-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum retusum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Merr.</span>: Sie kommt in Vietnam und Hainan vor.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i><a href="Ligustrum_robustum" title="Ligustrum robustum">Ligustrum robustum</a></i> <span class="Person h-card">(Roxb.) Blume</span>: Als Neophyt kommt sie in Nordamerika, auf Mauritius und Réunion vor.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Angaben aus China sind Fehlbestimmungen und gehören zu einer anderen Art.<sup id="cite_ref-Qin2009_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qin2009-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Je nach Autor gibt es etwa drei Unterarten:<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum robustum</i> subsp. <i>perrottetii</i> <span class="Person h-card">(A.DC.) de Juana</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum perrottetii</i> <span class="Person h-card">A.DC.</span>): Sie kommt auf den <a href="Lakkadiven" title="Lakkadiven">Lakkadiven</a>, auf den <a href="Andamanen" title="Andamanen">Andamanen</a> und im südlichen Indien vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum robustum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Roxb.) Blume</span> subsp. <i>robustum</i>: Sie kommt vom nordöstlichen Indien bis <a href="Indochina" title="Indochina">Indochina</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum robustum</i> subsp. <i>walkeri</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Decne.) P.S.Green</span>: Sie kommt im südlichen Indien und Sri Lanka vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum salicinum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Nakai</span>: Sie kommt vom zentralen bis südlichen Japan und auf <a href="Jeju-do" title="Jeju-do">Jeju-do</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sempervirens</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Franch.) Lingelsh.</span>: Sie gedeiht an Hängen und im Dickicht an Fließgewässern in Höhenlagen von 1900 bis 2700 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen südwestliches Sichuan sowie nordwestliches Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Chinesischer_Liguster" title="Chinesischer Liguster">Chinesischer Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum sinense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Lour.</span>): Es gibt etwa acht Varietäten:<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>chayuense</i> <span class="Person h-card">(P.Y.Pai) Y.F.Deng & B.Q.Xu</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> var. <i>chayuense</i> <span class="Person h-card">P.Y.Pai</span>, <i>Ligustrum rugosulum</i> <span class="Person h-card">W.W.Sm.</span>, <i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>rugosulum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(W.W.Sm.) M.C.Chang</span>): Diese Umbenennung erfolgte 2012. Sie kommt in Vietnam, Tibet und vielen chinesischen Provinzen vor.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>concavum</i> <span class="Person h-card">M.C.Chang</span>: Sie gedeiht in Wäldern in Tälern oder entlang von Fließgewässern in Höhenlagen von 500 bis 1200 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen westliches Guangxi sowie östliches Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>coryanum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(W.W.Sm.) Hand.-Mazz.</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum coryanum</i> <span class="Person h-card">W.W.Sm.</span>): Sie gedeiht in Mischwäldern in Bergregionen in Höhenlagen von 500 bis 2500 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Sichuan (nur in <a href="Jinsha_Jiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinsha Jiang">Jinsha Jiang</a>) sowie zentralen Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>dissimile</i> <span class="Person h-card">S.J.Hao</span>: Sie gedeiht im Dickicht an Hängen in Höhenlagen von 400 bis 1200 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Guangxi, Guizhou sowie Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>luodianense</i> <span class="Person h-card">M.C.Chang</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum longipedicellatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">H.T.Chang</span>): Sie gedeiht im Dickicht an Fließgewässern oder an Hängen in Höhenlagen von 200 bis 300 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Guangdong, Guizhou (nur im <a href="Luodian" title="Luodian">Luodian</a> Xian) sowie Yunnan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>myrianthum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Diels) Hoefker</span> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum myrianthum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Diels</span>, <i>Ligustrum bodinieri</i> <span class="Person h-card">H.Lév.</span>, <i>Ligustrum groffiae</i> <span class="Person h-card">Merr.</span>): Sie gedeiht in Höhenlagen von 100 bis 2700 Metern in weiten Teilen Chinas.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>opienense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Y.C.Yang</span>: Sie gedeiht in Kalkgebirgsregionen in Höhenlagen von 500 bis 2100 Metern in Sichuan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum sinense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Lour.</span> var. <i>sinense</i> (Syn.: <i>Ligustrum chinense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Carrière</span> orth. var., <i>Ligustrum calleryanum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>, <i>Ligustrum deciduum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hemsl.</span>, <i>Ligustrum fortunei</i> <span class="Person h-card">C.K.Schneid.</span>, <i>Ligustrum indicum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Lour.) Merr.</span>, <i>Ligustrum matsudae</i> <span class="Person h-card">Kaneh. ex T.Shimizu & M.T.Kao</span>, <i>Ligustrum microcarpum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Kaneh. & Sasaki</span>, <i>Ligustrum microcarpum</i> var. <i>shakaroense</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Kaneh.) Shimizu & T.C.Kao</span>, <i>Ligustrum nokoense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Masam. & T.Mori</span>, <i>Ligustrum shakaroense</i> <span class="Person h-card">Kaneh.</span>, <i>Ligustrum stauntonii</i> <span class="Person h-card">DC.</span>, <i>Ligustrum villosum</i> <span class="Person h-card">May</span>, <i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>multiflorum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(Bowles) Bean</span>, <i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>nitidum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Rehder</span>, <i>Ligustrum sinense</i> var. <i>stauntonii</i> <span class="Person h-card">(DC.) Rehder</span>, <i>Ligustrum</i> sinense var. <i>villosum</i> <span class="Person h-card">(May) Rehder</span>): Sie ist in Vietnam, Taiwan und weiten Teilen Chinas verbreitet. In Südafrika, Nordamerika, Australien und Neuseeland ist sie ein Neophyt.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum stenophyllum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Quisumb. & Merr.</span>: Dieser Endemit kommt nur auf <a href="Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum strongylophyllum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hemsl.</span>: Sie gedeiht im Unterholz in Schluchten, im Dickicht auf Berggipfeln und entlang von Fließgewässern in Höhenlagen von 300 bis 2500 Metern in den chinesischen Provinzen Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi sowie Sichuan.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum tamakii</i> <span class="Person h-card">Hatus.</span>: Dieser Endemit kommt nur auf den <a href="Nansei-Inseln" title="Nansei-Inseln">Nansei-Inseln</a> vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum tenuipes</i> <span class="Person h-card">M.C.Chang</span>: Dieser Endemit gedeiht unter dünnen Gehölzen auf Berggipfeln in Höhenlagen von 100 bis 300 Metern nur im nordöstlichen Guangxi.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum tschonoskii</i> <span class="Person h-card">Decne.</span>: Die Heimat sind Japan, die <a href="Kurilen" title="Kurilen">Kurilen</a> und Sachalin.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum tenuipes</i> <span class="Person h-card">M.C.Chang</span>: Dieser Endemit gedeiht auf steinigen Bergen oder unter dünnen Gehölzen auf Berggipfeln in Höhenlagen von 100 bis 300 Metern nur im nordöstlichen Guangxi.<sup id="cite_ref-FoC1996_2-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><i>Ligustrum undulatum</i> <span class="Person h-card">Blume</span>: Sie kommt in Neuguinea vor.<sup id="cite_ref-WCSP_7-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li><a href="Gew%C3%B6hnlicher_Liguster" title="Gewöhnlicher Liguster">Gewöhnlicher Liguster</a> (<i>Ligustrum vulgare</i> <span class="Person h-card">L.</span>): Die Heimat ist Europa bis zum nordwestlichen <a href="Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> und <a href="Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a>. In Südafrika, Nordamerika, Australien und Neuseeland ist er ein Neophyt.<sup id="cite_ref-GRIN_6-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<p><a href="Hybride" title="Hybride">Hybriden</a>:
</p>
<ul><li><i>Ligustrum</i> ×<i>ibolium</i> <span class="Person h-card">Coe ex Rehder</span> = <i>Ligustrum obtusifolium</i> × <i>Ligustrum ovalifolium</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nutzung">Nutzung</h2></div>
<p>Wenige Arten werden als Ziergehölze kultiviert und insbesondere in <a href="Garten" title="Garten">Gärten</a> zur Anlage von <a href="Hecke" title="Hecke">Hecken</a> verwendet. Die meisten dieser Arten stammen ursprünglich aus <a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> oder <a href="Volksrepublik_China" title="Volksrepublik China">China</a>. Gewöhnlicher Liguster wird oft als Schnitthecke verwendet.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quellen">Quellen</h2></div>
<ul><li>Xiang-Kun Qin: <i>A New System of Ligustrum (Oleaceae).</i> In: <i>Acta Botanica Yunnanica</i>, Volume 31, Issue 2, 2009, S. 97–116.</li>
<li>Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei, Peter S. Green: <i>Oleaceae.</i> In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Hrsg.): <i>Flora of China</i>, Volume 15: <i>Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae</i>, Science Press und Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing und St. Louis, 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=118549"><i>Ligustrum</i>, S. 299 – textgleich online wie gedrucktes Werk.</a> (Abschnitt Beschreibung)</li>
<li>Fritz Grohmann: <i>Oleaceae</i> In: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40006682?projectid=32"><i>Ligustrum</i></a> bei Tropicos.org. In: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=32"><i>Flora of Pakistan</i>.</a> Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis (Abschnitt Beschreibung)</li>
<li>Ju Eun Jang, Seung-Hwan Oh, Mi-Jung Choi, Jung-Hyun Lee, Gyu Young Chung, Hyeok Jae Choi: <i>A taxonomic revision of Ligustrum (Oleaceae) in Korea.</i> In: <i>Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity</i>, Volume 13, Issue 3, September 2020, S. 406–429. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016">doi:10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016</a></li>
<li>Ruth Kiew: <i>Towards a Flora of New Guinea: Oleaceae. Part 1. Jasminum, Ligustrum, Myxopyrum and Olea.</i> In: <i>Reinwardtia</i>, Volume 19, Issue 1, Juni 2020, S. 1–25. <a href="https://doi.org/10.14203/reinwardtia.v19i1.3799" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.14203/reinwardtia.v19i1.3799">doi:10.14203/reinwardtia.v19i1.3799</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342532157_TOWARDS_A_FLORA_OF_NEW_GUINEA_OLEACEAE_PART_1_JASMINUM_LIGUSTRUM_MYXOPYRUM_AND_OLEA">online</a>.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Kiew2020-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-16">q</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-17">r</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-18">s</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-19">t</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-20">u</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kiew2020_1-21">v</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Ruth Kiew: <i>Towards a Flora of New Guinea: Oleaceae. Part 1. Jasminum, Ligustrum, Myxopyrum and Olea.</i> In: <i>Reinwardtia</i>, Volume 19, Issue 1, Juni 2020, S. 1–25. <a href="https://doi.org/10.14203/reinwardtia.v19i1.3799" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.14203/reinwardtia.v19i1.3799">doi:10.14203/reinwardtia.v19i1.3799</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342532157_TOWARDS_A_FLORA_OF_NEW_GUINEA_OLEACEAE_PART_1_JASMINUM_LIGUSTRUM_MYXOPYRUM_AND_OLEA">online</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FoC1996-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-16">q</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-17">r</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-18">s</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-19">t</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-20">u</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-21">v</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-22">w</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-23">x</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-24">y</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-25">z</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-26">aa</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-27">ab</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-28">ac</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-29">ad</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-30">ae</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-31">af</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-32">ag</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-33">ah</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-34">ai</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-35">aj</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-36">ak</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-37">al</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-38">am</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-39">an</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-40">ao</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-41">ap</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-42">aq</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-43">ar</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-44">as</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-45">at</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoC1996_2-46">au</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Mei-chen Chang, Lien-ching Chiu, Zhi Wei, Peter S. Green: <i>Oleaceae.</i> In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Hrsg.): <i>Flora of China</i>, Volume 15: <i>Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae</i>, Science Press und Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing und St. Louis, 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=118549"><i>Ligustrum</i>, S. 299 – textgleich online wie gedrucktes Werk.</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FoPakistan-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FoPakistan_3-7">h</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Fritz Grohmann: <i>Oleaceae</i> In: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40006682?projectid=32"><i>Ligustrum</i></a> bei Tropicos.org. In: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=32"><i>Flora of Pakistan</i>.</a> Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Knuth1909-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Knuth1909_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a href="Paul_Knuth" title="Paul Knuth">Paul Knuth</a>: <i>Handbook of Flower Pollination.</i> Volume III, Clarendon Press, 1909, S. 81 f, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/115601#page/95/mode/1up">eingescannt auf <i>biodiversitylibrary.org</i></a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Tropicos-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Tropicos_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40006682"><i>Ligustrum</i></a> bei Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, abgerufen am 16. Dezember 2022.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-GRIN-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GRIN_6-12">m</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=6825"><span style="font-style:italic;">Ligustrum</span></a> im <i>Germplasm Resources Information Network</i> (GRIN), <a href="Landwirtschaftsministerium_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Landwirtschaftsministerium der Vereinigten Staaten">USDA</a>, <a href="Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">ARS</a>, National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Abgerufen am 16. Dezember 2022.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-WCSP-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-16">q</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-17">r</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-18">s</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-19">t</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-20">u</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-21">v</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-22">w</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-23">x</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-24">y</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-25">z</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-26">aa</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WCSP_7-27">ab</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/results?q=%22Ligustrum%22"><i>Ligustrum</i></a>. In: <i>POWO</i> = <i>Plants of the World Online</i> von Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: <i>Kew Science</i>, abgerufen am 29. November 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Qin2009-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Qin2009_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Qin2009_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Qin2009_8-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Qin2009_8-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Qin2009_8-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Qin2009_8-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Xiang-Kun Qin: <i>A New System of Ligustrum (Oleaceae).</i> In: <i>Acta Botanica Yunnanica</i>, Volume 31, Issue 2, 2009, S. 97–116. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016">doi:10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Jang2020-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Jang2020_9-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Jang2020_9-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">
Ju Eun Jang, Seung-Hwan Oh, Mi-Jung Choi, Jung-Hyun Lee, Gyu Young Chung, Hyeok Jae Choi: <i>A taxonomic revision of Ligustrum (Oleaceae) in Korea.</i> In: <i>Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity</i>, Volume 13,
Issue 3, September 2020, S. 406–429. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016" class="extiw external" title="doi:10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016">doi:10.1016/j.japb.2020.03.016</a></span>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ligustrum?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Liguster (<i>Ligustrum</i>)</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiktionary"></span></span></span><b><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Liguster" class="extiw external" title="wikt:Liguster">Wiktionary: Liguster</a></b> – Bedeutungserklärungen, Wortherkunft, Synonyme, Übersetzungen</div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40006682?projectid=9"><i>Ligustrum</i></a> bei Tropicos.org. In: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=9"><i>IPCN Chromosome Reports</i>.</a> Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40006682?projectid=56"><i>Ligustrum</i></a> bei Tropicos.org. In: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/projectwebportal.aspx?pagename=Home&projectid=56"><i>Flora of Panama (WFO)</i>.</a> Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis</li>
<li>Thomas J. Rosatti, 2012: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=9750">Datenblatt <i>Ligustrum</i></a> In: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/">Jepson Flora Project (Hrsg.): <i>Jepson eFlora</i></a>.</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=gn&name=Ligustrum">Datenblatt in der <i>New South Wales Flora Online</i>.</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tai2.ntu.edu.tw/udth/bin/fot1.exe/browse?BID=4&page=137"><i>Flora of Taiwan</i>.</a></li></ul>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r261921239">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
@keyframes target-hint{from{box-shadow:0 0 .5em .2em #36c}to{box-shadow:none}}.mw-parser-output #SeitenKoordinaten:target{box-shadow:0 0 .5em .2em #36c;animation:target-hint 1s linear 2s 1 forwards}
/* end https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="hintergrundfarbe1 rahmenfarbe1 navigation-not-searchable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; clear: left; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" id="SeitenKoordinaten"><div class="noviewer noresize nomobile" style="display: table-cell; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.25em; padding-right: 1em; padding-top: 0.2em; vertical-align: middle;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div>
<div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;">
<div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r227939496">
/* start https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-container,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-container{list-style-image:none;list-style-position:outside;list-style-type:none;margin:0.2em;padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-container>li,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-container>li{display:inline;margin-right:0.3em;padding:0}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-container>li>span.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-sep,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-container>li>span.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-sep{color:transparent;padding-left:1em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li::after,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li::after{background-color:currentcolor;background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;content:"\a0 ";display:inline-block;line-height:0.4em;margin-left:-1em;width:0.4em}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-prefix::after,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-prefix::after{display:none}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li:last-child::after{display:none}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-nowrap,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet>li.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-nowrap{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe>li::after,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe>li::after{line-height:1em;width:2px}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe-narrow>li>span.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-sep,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe-narrow>li>span.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-sep{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe-narrow>li,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe-narrow>li{margin-right:0}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe-narrow>li::after,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-pipe-narrow>li::after{margin-left:-3px}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-circle>li::after,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-circle>li::after{border-radius:0.4em}.mw-parser-output ol.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-blue>li::after,.mw-parser-output ul.breadcrumb-nav-bullet-blue>li::after{background-color:#0000FF}
/* end https://de.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><ul class="breadcrumb-nav-container breadcrumb-nav-bullet navigation-not-searchable">
<li class="breadcrumb-nav-bullet-prefix">Karte mit allen verlinkten Seiten:</li>
<li><span title="OpenStreetMap"><a class="external text" href="https://osm4wiki.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/wiki/wiki-osm.pl?project=de&article=Liguster&linksfrom=1"><b>OSM</b></a></span><span class="breadcrumb-nav-bullet-sep"><span aria-hidden="true"> |</span></span></li>
<li><span title="WikiMap"><a class="external text" href="https://wikimap.toolforge.org/?lang=de&links=true&page=Liguster"><b>WikiMap</b></a></span></li></ul></div>
</div></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
Dieser Artikel wurde von <a class="external text" title="Zuletzt bearbeitet am 2024-12-08" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Liguster&oldid=251085335">Wikipedia</a> herausgegeben. Der Text ist unter <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> verfügbar, sofern nicht anders angegeben. Für die Mediendateien können zusätzliche Bedingungen gelten.
</div>
</div><!--/htdig_noindex--></div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="./_webp_/webpHandler.js"></script>
</body></html>